State Ohm’s law and its application
State Ohm’s law and its application
Ohm’s law explains a relationship between current(I) and potential difference(v). Ohm’s law states that, at a constant temperature, the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends.
The formula for ohm’s law is V=IR. SI Unit of resistance is the ohm. This relationship between current, voltage, and this relationship was discovered by German Scientist George Simon Ohm. Lets us learn more about Ohms law, Resistance, and current.
I α V (At Constant temperature)
V α I (This can also be written as)
V = R X I
Where R is a constant value which is called the resistance of the conductor. The value of resistance depends on nature, length, area of cross-section, and temperature of the conductor. The above equation can also be written as:
I = V/R
It is obvious from this relation:
(i) The current is directly proportional to the potential difference(v).
(ii) The current is inversely proportional to resistance(R)
The resistance of the conductor: The property of a conductor due to which it opposes the flow of current through it is called resistance.
R =V/I
1 ohm: One ohm is the resistance of a conductor such that when a potential difference of 1 volt is applied to its ends, a current of 1 ampere flows through it.
Application of Ohm’s law
Ohm’s law helps us in determining either the current, voltage, or impedance, or resistance of a linear electric circuit when the other two quantities are known to us. It also makes power calculations simpler.
Limitation of Ohm’s law
- Ohm’s law is not applicable to a unilateral network. Such types of networks consist of elements like a diode, transistor, etc.
- Ohm’s law is not applicable to nonlinear elements. Nonlinear elements are those which do not have current exactly proportional to the applied voltage that means the resistance value of those elements changes for different values of voltage and current.
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